Phonautograph (c 1857) apparatus for studying sound vibrations graphically, invented by (Edouard) Leon Scott de Martinville. Tuning fork vibrated by bow or iron rod, and vibration traced on cylinder coated with lampblack. Engraving, 1872 Bowery Boys • May 8, 2017 Also Read Heated Rivalries from American History: Live at City Winery July 3, 2026 Tearing Down King George: The Monumental Summer of 1776 June 26, 2026 Live at the Salmagundi Club! It’s the Bowery Boys and the Gilded Gentleman June 25, 2026 Firecracker Lane: New York’s explosive shopping district June 19, 2026